Western Siouan languages

Nowadays, Western Siouan languages is a topic that has taken on great relevance in society. Its impact is reflected in different areas of daily life, from politics to popular culture. In this article, we will explore the implications and meaning of Western Siouan languages, analyzing its evolution over time and its influence on the contemporary world. Additionally, we will examine how Western Siouan languages has shaped the way we interact with the environment and with other people, as well as its role in shaping our individual and collective experiences. Western Siouan languages is a phenomenon that is not limited to a single sphere of society, but crosses borders and barriers, generating discussions and debates at all levels.

Western Siouan
Siouan Proper
Geographic
distribution		central North America
Linguistic classificationSiouan
  • Western Siouan
Subdivisions
  • Missouri River (Crow–Hidatsa)
  • Mandan
  • Mississippi Valley (Central)
  • Ohio Valley (Southeastern)
Language codes
ISO 639-3–
Glottologcore1249
Pre-contact distribution of the Western Siouan languages

The Western Siouan languages, also called Siouan proper or simply Siouan,[1] are a large language family native to North America. They are closely related to the Catawban languages, sometimes called Eastern Siouan, and together with them constitute the Siouan (Siouan–Catawban) language family.

Linguistic and historical records indicate a possible southern origin of the Siouan people, with migrations over a thousand years ago from North Carolina and Virginia to Ohio. Some continued down the Ohio River, to the Mississippi and up to the Missouri. Others went down the Mississippi, settling in what is now Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana. Others traveled across Ohio to what is now Illinois, Wisconsin, and Minnesota, home of the Dakota.

Family division

The Siouan family proper consists of some 18 languages and various dialects:

  • Siouan

(†) – Extinct language

Another view of both the Dakotan and Mississippi Valley branches is to represent them as dialect continuums.

All the Virginia Siouan dialects listed here are thought to have been closely related to one another; the term Tutelo language is also used in reference to their common tongue.

Writing systems

There are two systems used to transcribe within this family:

  • Latin alphabet used by a majority of these languages.
  • Osage script, developed in 2005 by Herman Mongrain Lookout.[2] There are also considerations for the script to be extensively usable for other languages in the Dhegiha group to the extent of this family.[3]

See also

Bibliography

  • Parks, Douglas R.; & Rankin, Robert L. (2001). "The Siouan languages", in R. J. DeMallie (Ed.), Handbook of North American Indians: Plains (Vol. 13, Part 1, pp. 94–114). W. C. Sturtevant (Gen. Ed.). Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. ISBN 0-16-050400-7.
  • Rood, David S.; & Taylor, Allan R. (1996). "Sketch of Lakhota, a Siouan language", in Handbook of North American Indians: Languages (Vol. 17, pp. 440–482). Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution.
  • Ullrich, Jan. (2008). New Lakota Dictionary: Incorporating the Dakota Dialects of Santee–Sisseton and Yankton–Yanktonai (Lakota Language Consortium). ISBN 0-9761082-9-1.

References

  1. ^ In which case the greater family is called Siouan–Catawban
  2. ^ "Osage Nation Language Department". Archived from the original on 20 November 2011.
  3. ^ Martucci, Brian (15 January 2014). "The Endangered Osage Language Gets a Unicode-Friendly Alphabet". The Line. Retrieved 12 December 2020.