Hadhabani (tribe)

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Hadhabani or Hadhbāni, Hadhbānī, Hadhbâniyya (also: Hadhbani) (Kurdish: ھەزەبانی, هۆزبان, Hecbanî) was a large medieval Sunni Muslim Kurdish tribe divided into several groups, centered at Arbil, Oshnavieh and Urmia. Their dominion included the regions of Maragha and Urmia to the east, Arbil, Sinjar, and parts of Jazira to the south and west, and Barkari, Hakkari to the north, as Erbil being one of their capital, ruling between the year 906 to 1131.

Hadhabani
CountryMiddle East
Final rulerSultan ibn Mahmud (Armenia)

Fadlun ibn Fadl (Arran)

An-Nasir Yusuf (Syria)

Al-Ashraf Musa (Egypt)
Cadet branchesAyyubid Dynasty Shaddadid Dynasty

Etymology

According to vladimir Minorsky, The name of the Tribe is derived from geographical term for the region of Irbil, which is preserved in the name of the Nestorian diocese, Adiabene (HaSayyap). the name is most likely a combination of hoz ("tribe") and bān ("leader"or" chief"), in Kurdish. which means tribal leader.

History

According to Ibn Hawqal the region of Jazira was the Summer pasture of Hadhabani Kurds, about 10th century they gradually immigrated northward to the areas around Lake Urmia with Ushnu as their summer capital. They ruled the area for a while but later split to a few branches who spread across Azerbaijan, and Caucasus.

In 1041AD, after the defeat of the invading Ghuz turks and subsequent massacre in Urmia by Rawadids and Hadhbani Kurds. They fled to Hakkari where they ravaged it. they were eventually defeated by the Kurds and 1500 Ghuz tribesmen were killed and the survivors were enslaved by the Kurds.

Hadhabani branches

The Mihranis were a branch of the Hadhbani tribe, resided near Mosul and Erbil. They made the infamous Kurdish corps Mihraniyya of the Ayyubid Army.

the Zarzari tribe, may have been a branch of Hadhabani tribe that inhabited ushnu and Rawanduz. while some Zarzaris resided in Sinjar.

Shaddadids and Ayyubids were descendant of one of the Hadhabani branches.

Rulers

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Bozarslan, Hamit; Gunes, Cengiz; Yadirgi, Veli, eds. (2021). The Cambridge History of the Kurds. Cambridge University Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-1-108-47335-4.
  2. ^ Peacock, Andrew (2017). "Rawwadids". Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition. New York.
  3. ^ a b E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936. BRILL. p. 1049. ISBN 978-90-04-09794-0
  4. ^ عبدالعزيز محمود, احمد (2006). الامارة الهذبانية الكردية في آذربيجان وأربيل والجزيرة الفراتية (in Arabic). مكتب التفسير للنشر والإعلان. pp. 65–66.
  5. ^ Minorsky, Vladimir (1953). Studies in Caucasian History. New York: Taylor’s Foreign Press. ISBN 0-521-05735-3. P. 129.
  6. ^ احمد عبدالعزیز محمود، (2006). الإمارة الهذبانية الكردية في أذربيجان وأربيل والجزيرة الفراتية. .P. 39-40.
  7. ^ Bozarslan, Hamit; Gunes, Cengiz; Yadirgi, Veli, eds. (2021). The Cambridge History of the Kurds. Cambridge University Press. p. 26. ISBN 978-1-108-47335-4.
  8. ^ Peacock, Andrew (2017). "Rawwadids". Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition. New York.
  9. ^ Houtsma, M. Th (1993). E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936. BRILL. p. 1138. ISBN 978-90-04-09790-2
  10. ^ Humphreys, Stephen (1977), From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193–1260, SUNY ISBN 978-0-87395-263-7 . p.430.
  11. ^ احمد عبدالعزیز محمود، (2006). الإمارة الهذبانية الكردية في أذربيجان وأربيل والجزيرة الفراتية. .P. 44.
  12. ^ احمد عبدالعزیز محمود، (2006). الإمارة الهذبانية الكردية في أذربيجان وأربيل والجزيرة الفراتية. .P. 71-72.
  13. ^ Bozarslan, Hamit; Gunes, Cengiz; Yadirgi, Veli, eds. (2021). The Cambridge History of the Kurds. Cambridge University Press. p. 30. ISBN 978-1-108-47335-4.
  14. ^ Conder, Claude Reignier (1897). The Life of Saladin. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund. p. xv. LCCN 05039632. Salah ed-Din (Saladin) was the son of Ayûb, and grandson of Shadi, a Rawadiya Kurd of the great Hadâniya Tribe. He was thus of Kurd descent. Several of his bravest warriors and most trusted counsellors were Kurds, and during his reign, and that of his brother el'Adel, Kurds ruled in Armenia, Mesopotamia, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and Arabia.
  15. ^ Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (1996). The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. p. 73. ISBN 0-7486-0684-X.

External links

Islamic dynasties in Mashriq region
Kurdistan Region Kurdish tribes
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See also