Benazepril

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Benazepril
Clinical data
Pronunciation/bəˈnæzəprɪl/
Trade namesLotensin, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa692011
License data
Routes of
administration		By mouth
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding96.7%
MetabolismLiver glucuronidation
Elimination half-life10-11 hours
ExcretionKidney and bile duct
Identifiers
  • 2-amino]-2-oxo-4,5-dihydro-3H-1-benzazepin-1-yl]acetic acid
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC24H28N2O5
Molar mass424.497 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • O=C(OCC)(N2C(=O)N(c1ccccc1CC2)CC(=O)O)CCc3ccccc3
  • InChI=1S/C24H28N2O5/c1-2-31-24(30)20(14-12-17-8-4-3-5-9-17)25-19-15-13-18-10-6-7-11-21(18)26(23(19)29)16-22(27)28/h3-11,19-20,25H,2,12-16H2,1H3,(H,27,28)/t19-,20-/m0/s1 checkY
  • Key:XPCFTKFZXHTYIP-PMACEKPBSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Benazepril, sold under the brand name Lotensin among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease.[2] It is a reasonable initial treatment for high blood pressure.[2] It is taken by mouth.[2] Versions are available as the combinations benazepril/hydrochlorothiazide and benazepril/amlodipine.[2]

Common side effects include feeling tired, dizziness, cough, and light-headedness with standing.[2] Serious side effects may include kidney problems, low blood pressure, high blood potassium, and angioedema.[2] Use in pregnancy may harm the baby, while use when breastfeeding may be safe.[3] It is an ACE inhibitor and works by decreasing renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity.[2]

Benazepril was patented in 1981 and came into medical use in 1990. It is available as a generic medication.[2] In 2022, it was the 159th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3 million prescriptions.[4][5]

Medical uses

Lotensin is indicated for the treatment of hypertension, to lower blood pressure.[1][2]

Side effects

The most common side effects patients experience are a headache or a chronic cough. The chronic cough develops in about 20% of people treated.[6]

Contraindications

Benazepril can harm the fetus.[7]

Dosage forms

It is also available in combination with hydrochlorothiazide, under the brand name Lotensin HCT, and with amlodipine (Lotrel).

Veterinary uses

Benazepril for veterinary use

Under the brand names Fortekor (Novartis)[8] and VetACE (Jurox Animal Health),[9] benazepril is used to treat congestive heart failure in dogs[10][11] and chronic kidney failure in cats and dogs.[12]

References

  1. ^ a b "Lotensin- benazepril hydrochloride tablet". DailyMed. 21 January 2019. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Benazepril Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  3. ^ "Benazepril Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings". Drugs.com. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  4. ^ "The Top 300 of 2022". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 30 August 2024. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
  5. ^ "Benazepril Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2022". ClinCalc. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
  6. ^ Dykewicz MS (April 2004). "Cough and Angioedema From Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors: New Insights Into Mechanisms and Management". Medscape. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  7. ^ "Lotensin package insert" (PDF). U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
  8. ^ "Fortekor Flavor Tabs (5 mg) for Animal Use (Canada)". Drugs.com. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
  9. ^ "VetACE® - Jurox". www.jurox.com.au. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
  10. ^ King JN, Mauron C, Kaiser G (December 1995). "Pharmacokinetics of the active metabolite of benazepril, benazeprilat, and inhibition of plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme activity after single and repeated administrations to dogs". American Journal of Veterinary Research. 56 (12): 1620–1628. doi:10.2460/ajvr.1995.56.12.1620. PMID 8599524.
  11. ^ O'Grady MR, O'Sullivan ML, Minors SL, Horne R (2009). "Efficacy of benazepril hydrochloride to delay the progression of occult dilated cardiomyopathy in Doberman Pinschers". Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 23 (5): 977–983. doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0346.x. PMID 19572914.
  12. ^ "Fortekor Flavor Tabs (5 mg) (Canada) for Animal Use". Drugs.com. Retrieved 9 December 2020.