Vampyronassa

In this article, we will explore the fascinating life of Vampyronassa, a character who has left an indelible mark on history. From his humble beginnings to his rise to fame, Vampyronassa has captured the attention of thousands of people around the world. Through exclusive interviews and archival footage, we will closely examine the highlights of Vampyronassa's life, his impact on society, and his lasting legacy. Join us on this journey through time as we unravel the mysteries and achievements of Vampyronassa, a figure who will continue to inspire and intrigue generations to come.

Vampyronassa
Temporal range: Middle Jurassic
Pyritized fossil of Vampyronassa rhodanica from Voulte-sur-Rhône, France.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda
Order: Vampyromorphida
Family: Vampyroteuthidae
Genus: †Vampyronassa
Fischer & Riou, 2002
Species:
†V. rhodanica
Binomial name
†Vampyronassa rhodanica
Fischer & Riou, 2002

Vampyronassa rhodanica ("vampire fish trap") is an extinct vampyromorph cephalopod known from around 20 fossils from the Lower Callovian (165–164 Ma) of La Voulte-sur-Rhône, Ardèche, France.[1]

Morphology

Photograph (a) and X-ray CT analysed image (b)-(e) of holotype specimen

Vampyronassa reached total length about 10 cm (3.9 in).[2] This taxon differs from the modern vampire squid in having longer first dorsal arms, a larger hyponome, and a more elongated mantle. The original description noted possible luminous organs[1] which a restudy could not confirm.[2] It had eight arms with uniserial suckers flanked by cirri, same as modern vampire squid. Retractile filaments that is known from modern vampire squid is not known in Vampyronassa.[2] Like vampire squid, Vampyronassa lacked an ink sac.[2]

Classification

Vampyronassa shares some characters with modern vampire squid Vampyroteuthis, such as lack of ink sac and unique type of sucker attachment.[2] Analysis supports the sister relationship between Vampyronassa and Vampyroteuthis.[2]

Palaeoecology

Life reconstruction of V. rhodanica

Although modern vampire squid are deep-sea opportunistic detritivore and zooplanktivore, Vampyronassa is estimated to have been an active predator following a pelagic mode of life according to characteristics of its arms.[2] Considering Oligocene vampyromorph Necroteuthis probably had a deep-sea mode of life,[3] initial shift of vampiromorphs to offshore environments was possibly driven by onshore competition.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b Fischer, Jean-Claude; Riou, Bernard (2002-01-01). "Vampyronassa rhodanica nov. gen. nov sp., vampyromorphe (Cephalopoda, Coleoidea) du Callovien inférieur de la Voulte-sur-Rhône (Ardèche, France)". Annales de Paléontologie (in French). 88 (1): 1–17. Bibcode:2002AnPal..88....1F. doi:10.1016/S0753-3969(02)01037-6. ISSN 0753-3969.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Rowe, Alison J.; Kruta, Isabelle; Landman, Neil H.; Villier, Loïc; Fernandez, Vincent; Rouget, Isabelle (2022-06-23). "Exceptional soft-tissue preservation of Jurassic Vampyronassa rhodanica provides new insights on the evolution and palaeoecology of vampyroteuthids". Scientific Reports. 12 (1): 8292. Bibcode:2022NatSR..12.8292R. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-12269-3. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 9225997. PMID 35739131.
  3. ^ Košťák, Martin; Schlögl, Ján; Fuchs, Dirk; Holcová, Katarína; Hudáčková, Natalia; Culka, Adam; Fözy, István; Tomašových, Adam; Milovský, Rastislav; Šurka, Juraj; Mazuch, Martin (2021-02-18). "Fossil evidence for vampire squid inhabiting oxygen-depleted ocean zones since at least the Oligocene". Communications Biology. 4 (1): 216. doi:10.1038/s42003-021-01714-0. ISSN 2399-3642. PMC 7893013. PMID 33603225.