Nanoviridae

In today's world, Nanoviridae is a topic that has become increasingly relevant and has become a point of interest for a wide variety of people. Whether we are talking about its impact on society, its relevance in history, its importance today or any other related aspect, Nanoviridae is a topic that never stops generating debate and discussion. From its origins to its influence on the present, Nanoviridae has been an object of study and interest for academics, professionals, and the general public. In this article, we will explore the various aspects related to Nanoviridae and try to shed light on this topic that is so relevant today.

Nanoviridae
Faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV), genus Nanovirus
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Monodnaviria
Kingdom: Shotokuvirae
Phylum: Cressdnaviricota
Class: Arfiviricetes
Order: Mulpavirales
Family: Nanoviridae
Genera

Nanoviridae is a family of viruses.[1] Plants serve as natural hosts. The family contains 2 genera.[2] Diseases associated with this family include: stunting.[2][3][4]

Taxonomy

The recognized genera are:[2]

Virus structure and genome

Viruses in the family Nanoviridae are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and round geometries, and T=1 symmetry. The diameter is around 18–19 nm.[2][3]

Genus Structure Symmetry Capsid Genomic arrangement Genomic segmentation
Nanovirus Icosahedral T=1 Non-enveloped Circular Segmented
Babuvirus Icosahedral T=1 Non-enveloped Circular Segmented

Life cycle

Viral replication is nuclear. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the ssDNA rolling circle model.[3] After infection of a host cell, the small DNA molecules that have become encapsidated with the genomic ssDNA act as primers. They bind to complementary regions and help in initiation of DNA synthesis by host polymerases. On completion of synthesis, there will be a double stranded intermediate that is transcribed unidirectionally. Most individual nanovirus particles only encode for a single protein. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear pore export, and tubule-guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector (aphids).[2][3]

Genus Host details Tissue tropism Entry details Release details Replication site Assembly site Transmission
Nanovirus Plants: legumes Phloem Viral movement; mechanical inoculation Secretion; viral movement Nucleus Nucleus Aphids
Babuvirus Plants: musa species Phloem Viral movement; mechanical inoculation Secretion; viral movement Nucleus Nucleus Aphids

References

  1. ^ Thomas, JE; Gronenborn, B; Harding, RM; Mandal, B; Grigoras, I; Randles, JW; Sano, Y; Timchenko, T; Vetten, HJ; Yeh, HH; Ziebell, H; ICTV Report Consortium (12 January 2021). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Nanoviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 102 (3). doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001544. PMC 8515864. PMID 33433311.
  2. ^ a b c d e "ICTV Report Nanoviridae".
  3. ^ a b c d "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  4. ^ ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 15 June 2015.