Closteroviridae

In today's world, Closteroviridae has gained unprecedented relevance. Whether in the field of technology, politics, entertainment or any other field, Closteroviridae has become a constant topic of conversation and an inexhaustible source of interest and debate. Its impact ranges from the decisions we make in our daily lives to the great transformations we witness globally. In this article, we will explore in detail all the facets of Closteroviridae, unraveling both its practical implications and its symbolic meaning. Through an exhaustive analysis, we will seek to shed light on the different aspects that make Closteroviridae a phenomenon worthy of analysis and investigation.

Closteroviridae
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Kitrinoviricota
Class: Alsuviricetes
Order: Martellivirales
Family: Closteroviridae
Genera

See text

Closteroviridae is a family of viruses.[1] Plants serve as natural hosts. There are seven genera in this family.[2][3] Diseases associated with this family include: yellowing and necrosis, particularly affecting the phloem.[3][4]

Taxonomy

Schematic diagrams of the genome structure of the representative viruses in the four genera of the family Closteroviridae.

Genome type and transmission vector are two of the most important traits used for classification. Ampeloviruses and Closteroviruses have monopartite genomes and are transmitted by pseudococcid mealybugs (and soft scale insects) and aphids respectively. While Criniviruses are bipartite and transmitted by whiteflies.[3]

The family contains the following genera:[2]

Structure

Viruses in the family Closteroviridae are non-enveloped, with flexuous and filamentous geometries. The diameter is around 10–13 nm, with a length of 950–2200 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, bipartite, around 20kb in length.[3] [4]

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are mechanical.[3][4]

References

  1. ^ Fuchs, M; Bar-Joseph, M; Candresse, T; Maree, HJ; Martelli, GP; Melzer, MJ; Menzel, W; Minafra, A; Sabanadzovic, S; ICTV Report Consortium (April 2020). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Closteroviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 101 (4): 364–365. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001397. PMC 7414439. PMID 32134375.
  2. ^ a b "Virus Taxonomy: 2024 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 9 March 2025.
  3. ^ a b c d e "ICTV Report Closteroviridae".
  4. ^ a b c "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.