Sylvioidea
In this article we will do a detailed analysis of Sylvioidea, exploring its most relevant aspects and its impact on current society. From its origins to its evolution over time, Sylvioidea has played a fundamental role in various contexts, generating debates and controversies around its meaning and implications. Throughout these pages, we will examine its influence in different fields, as well as its relevance in people's daily lives. There is no doubt that Sylvioidea has marked a before and after in history, leaving an indelible mark on culture, politics, the economy and in many other areas. Join us on this journey to discover everything Sylvioidea has to offer and how it has shaped our world to this day.
| Sylvioidea | |
|---|---|
| |
| Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Infraorder: | Passerida |
| Superfamily: | Sylvioidea |
| Families | |
|
See text | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Zosteropoidea | |
Sylvioidea is a superfamily of passerine birds, one of at least three major clades within the Passerida along with the Muscicapoidea and Passeroidea. It contains about 1300 species including the Old World warblers, Old World babblers, swallows, larks and bulbuls. Members of the clade are found worldwide, but fewer species are present in the Americas.
Systematics
The superfamily Sylvioidea was first proposed in 1990 in the Sibley–Ahlquist taxonomy of birds based on DNA–DNA hybridization experiments.[1] More recent studies based on comparison of DNA sequences have failed to support the inclusion of some families such as Certhiidae (treecreepers), Sittidae (nuthatches), Paridae (tits and chickadees) and Regulidae (goldcrests and kinglets) but instead support the addition of Alaudidae (larks).[2]
Some of the families within the Sylvioidea have been greatly redefined. In particular, the Old World warbler family Sylviidae and Old World babbler family Timaliidae were used as wastebin taxa and included many species which have turned out not to be closely related. Several new families have been created and some species have been moved from one family to another.[3]
List of families
This list of 25 families is based on the molecular phylogenetic study published by Silke Fregin and colleagues in 2012.[4][5] and the revisions of the babbler group by Cai et al (2019)[6] The family sequence and number of species is from the online list of world birds maintained by Frank Gill and David Donsker on behalf of the International Ornithological Committee (IOC).[7]
- Nicatoridae: nicators (3 species)
- Panuridae: bearded reedling (1 species)
- Alaudidae: larks (98 species)
- Pycnonotidae: bulbuls (160 species)
- Hirundinidae: swallows, martins (88 species)
- Pnoepygidae: cupwings (5 species)
- Macrosphenidae: crombecs, African warblers (18 species)
- Cettiidae: Cettia bush warblers and allies (31 species)
- Scotocercidae: streaked scrub warbler (1 species)
- Erythrocercidae: yellow flycatchers (3 species)
- Hyliidae: hylias (2 species)[8]
- Aegithalidae: bushtits (13 species)
- Phylloscopidae: leaf warblers and allies (80 species)
- Acrocephalidae: reed warblers and allies (42 species)
- Locustellidae: grassbirds and allies (67 species)
- Donacobiidae: black-capped donacobius (1 species)
- Bernieridae: Madagascan warblers (11 species)
- Cisticolidae: cisticolas and allies (163 species)
- Babbler group:[6]
- Sylviidae: sylviid babblers (34 species)
- Paradoxornithidae: parrotbills (37 species)
- Zosteropidae: white-eyes (146 species)
- Timaliidae: babblers, scimitar babblers (57 species)
- Pellorneidae: fulvettas, ground babblers (65 species)
- Alcippeidae: Alcippe fulvettas (10 species)
- Leiothrichidae: laughingthrushes and allies (133 species)
References
- ^ Sibley, C.G.; Ahlquist, J.E. (1990). Phylogeny and Classification of Birds. A Study in Molecular Evolution. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
- ^ Alström, Per; Ericson, Per G.P.; Olsson, Urban; Sundberg, Per (2006). "Phylogeny and classification of the avian superfamily Sylvioidea". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 38 (2): 381–397. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.05.015. PMID 16054402.
- ^ Boyd, John H. (2010): Sylvioidea, Aves — A Taxonomy in Flux. Retrieved 2010-01-07.
- ^ Fregin, Silke; Haase, Martin; Olsson, Urban; Alström, Per (2012). "New insights into family relationships within the avian superfamily Sylvioidea (Passeriformes) based on seven molecular markers". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12 (157): 1–12. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-157. PMC 3462691. PMID 22920688.
- ^ Alström, Per; Olsson, Urban; Lei, Fumin (2013). "A review of the recent advances in the systematics of the avian superfamily Sylvioidea". Chinese Birds. 4 (2): 99–131. doi:10.5122/cbirds.2013.0016.
- ^ a b Cai, Tianlong; Cibois, Alice; Alström, Per; Moyle, Robert G.; Kennedy, Jonathan D.; Shao, Shimiao; Zhang, Ruiying; Irestedt, Martin; Ericson, Per G.P.; Gelang, Magnus; Qu, Yanhua; Lei, Fumin; Fjeldså, Jon (2019). "Near-complete phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the world's babblers (Aves: Passeriformes)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 130: 346–356. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.10.010. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 30321696.
- ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela C. (eds.). "Family index 10.2". IOC World Bird List. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
- ^ Gill, Frank B.; Donsker, David B., eds. (2019). "Bushtits, leaf warblers, reed warblers". IOC World Bird List. 9.2. doi:10.14344/IOC.ML.9.2. Retrieved 1 September 2019.