PF-89
Appearance move to sidebar hide| Type 89 Individual Anti-tank Rocket | |
|---|---|
.jpg) A dissected PF-89 rocket launcher (top) at the China People's Revolution Military Museum in Beijing. | |
| Type | Anti-tank, anti-bunker |
| Place of origin | China |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1993–present |
| Used by | See Users |
| Production history | |
| Designer | China North Industries Group Corporation |
| Designed | 1980s |
| Manufacturer | Norinco |
| Produced | 1989 |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | Total: 3.7 kg (8.2 lb) |
| Length | 900 mm (2 ft 11 in) |
| Crew | 1 (single-use, disposable) |
| Cartridge | 80×900 mm rocket-assist grenade |
| Cartridge weight | 1.84 kg (4.1 lb) |
| Caliber | 80 mm (3.1 in) |
| Action | Single-shot |
| Muzzle velocity | 147 m/s (480 ft/s) |
| Effective firing range | 100 m (330 ft) to 250 m (820 ft) |
| Maximum firing range | 400 m (1,300 ft) |
| Sights | Optical 1x/2.5x (day sight) |
The PF-89 or Type 89 is a portable, disposable, unguided, shoulder-launched, anti-tank rocket-propelled rocket launcher. Developed by Norinco for the People's Liberation Army (PLA), the PF-89 was designed to replace the obsolete Type 69 RPG, providing a man-portable, single-use assault weapon system that could be used mainly by infantry squads to engage and defeat light armor and bunkers.
Its design permits accurate delivery of a rocket-propelled 80mm high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) warhead, with negligible recoil. The PF-89 entered mass production in 1993, and generally replaced the Type 69 RPG in the PLA throughout the 1990s. Since 2010, the system is being used along with the more advanced Type 08 recoilless gun.
Description
The PF-89 is a lightweight, self-contained, anti-armor weapon comparable to the Swedish AT4 (U.S. Designation M136). However, unlike the AT4, the PF-89 is a rocket-propelled weapon instead of a recoilless gun, which makes the PF-89 more similar to the M72 LAW and the RPG-26. The weapon consists of a free-flight, fin-stabilized, rocket-propelled cartridge packed in a one-piece, one-off, fiberglass-wrapped tube.
It is man-portable and is fired from the right shoulder only. The launcher is watertight for ease of transportation and storage. The PF-89 has a simple 2.5x, 12° field of view optical sight for aiming, with no night combat ability.
The user must be able to see and identify the target and estimate the range to it. The round of ammunition is self-contained in a disposable launch tube. The system weighs only eight pounds and can be used effectively with minimal training.
The problem of back blast became prominent after the PF-89's adoption. Collateral damage is especially concerning for the PLA, which uses motorized infantry fighting tactics. To address this, China developed the Type 08 multipurpose recoilless gun with a countermass balance mechanism to replace the PF-89, especially the multipurpose PF89A variant.
Variants
The PF-89 has six variants with each variant corresponding to a specific type of ammunition. The earliest variant, simply called the PF-89, uses high-explosive double shaped charges (with 8701 explosives) to achieve 628mm of rolled homogeneous armour (RHA) penetration at 90° angle in static tests. In kinetic tests, the RHA penetration is more than 400mm at 0° angle or 180mm at 68° angle.
The second variant, the PF-89A, employs specialized multipurpose incendiary rounds. These multipurpose rounds can penetrate 300 mm of reinforced concrete, and release steel fragments and zirconium-based incendiary composition to kill targets and light up wood and fabric upon impact.
The third variant, known as the PF-89B or PF-89-1, uses tandem-charge HEAT warheads to improve penetration against reactive armour.
The WPF-89-1 is the thermobaric version of the PF-89. The WPF-89-1 is reusable, but did not see much use due to its complex reload process. As a result, China developed the improved single-use WPF-89-2 in 2003.
A training replica version is also available for operation practice.
| Designation | PF-89 | PF-89A | PF-89B | WPF-89-1 | WPF-89-2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ammo type | High-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) | Multipurpose incendiary | HEAT tandem-charge | Thermobaric | HEAT/thermobaric tandem-charge |
| Cartridge diameter (mm) | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 |
| Cartridge weight (kg) | 1.84 | 2.35 | 2.5 | >4 | >4 |
| Launcher weight (kg) | 1.85 | 1.85 | 1.85 | 1.85 | 1.85 |
| Full mass (kg) | 3.7 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 6.5 | 6.5 |
| Length (mm) | 900 | 900 | 900 | 900 | 900 |
| Length w/o cover (mm) | 880 | 880 | 880 | 880 | 880 |
| Zeroing | 200 m (660 ft) | 180 m (590 ft) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Sight range | 400 m (1,300 ft) | 1,000 m (3,300 ft) | N/A | 850 m (2,790 ft) | 850 m (2,790 ft) |
| Penetration | 628 mm/90° >400 mm/0° 180 mm/65° |
20 mm/65° | Higher than PF-89 | N/A | N/A |
| Velocity | 147 m/s (480 ft/s) | 147 m/s (480 ft/s) | 140 m/s (460 ft/s) | 120 m/s (390 ft/s) | 120 m/s (390 ft/s) |
Users
Cambodia: Used by the Royal Cambodian Army.
China: Used by the People's Liberation Army.
Non-state actors
Libya: WPF-89-2s used by Fajr Libya.
See also
- PF-98 – (China)
- DZJ-08 – (China)
- M72 LAW – (United States)
- AT4 – (Sweden)
- RPG-26 – (Soviet Union)
- Kestrel – (Taiwan)
References
- ^ a b c d "PF-89 Single use anti-tank rocket launcher". Military Today.
- ^ a b "DZJ-08". Military Today.
- ^ a b c d "成熟适用的PF89式80毫米系列单兵火箭筒". NetEase News (in Chinese). 24 July 2009. Archived from the original on 29 June 2011.
- ^ a b c "成熟适用的PF89式80毫米系列单兵火箭筒 (2)". NetEase News (in Chinese). 24 July 2009. Archived from the original on 30 June 2011.
- ^ a b "PF-89". Gun's World (in Chinese). 10 September 2004.
- ^ "WPF-89-1". Military Today.
- ^ https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/171425/SIPRIPP38.pdf
- ^ "Saisie d'armes à El Oued: l'empreinte de Fadjr libya". menadefense.net. 11 March 2016.
External links
- PF-89 at SinoDefence
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