NLRP4

In today's article we are going to delve into the exciting world of NLRP4. This is a topic that has sparked the interest of researchers, experts and hobbyists alike, since NLRP4 is present in various aspects of our daily lives. Along these lines, we will explore the different facets of NLRP4, from its origins to its evolution today. In addition, we will analyze its impact on society, as well as possible future implications. It doesn't matter if you are an expert in NLRP4 or if you are just discovering this topic, this article offers you an in-depth look that will allow you to expand your knowledge and reflect on the importance of NLRP4 in today's world.

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

NLRP4
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4EWI
Identifiers
Aliases	NLRP4, CLR19.5, CT58, NALP4, PAN2, PYPAF4, RNH2, NLR family, pyrin domain containing 4, NLR family pyrin domain containing 4
External IDs	OMIM: 609645; MGI: 1890518; HomoloGene: 75315; GeneCards: NLRP4; OMA:NLRP4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human)[1] Band 19q13.43 Start 55,836,540 bp[1] End 55,881,855 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 7 (mouse)[2] Band 7|7 A1 Start 6,048,160 bp[2] End 6,108,149 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in secondary oocyte testicle gonad sperm right testis left testis lymph node appendix tonsil epithelium of nasopharynx Top expressed in primary oocyte zygote secondary oocyte blastocyst embryo blastocyst morula spermatid Gonadal ridge embryo More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function nucleotide binding ATP binding Cellular component cytosol Biological process inflammatory response regulation of type I interferon production Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 147945 83564 Ensembl ENSG00000160505 ENSMUSG00000034690 UniProt Q96MN2 Q3TKR3 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_134444 NM_031389 RefSeq (protein) NP_604393 NP_113566 Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 55.84 – 55.88 Mb Chr 7: 6.05 – 6.11 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP4 gene.^[5][6][7]

NALPs are cytoplasmic proteins that form a subfamily within the larger CATERPILLER protein family. Most short NALPs, such as NALP4, have an N-terminal pyrin (MEFV; MIM 608107) domain (PYD), followed by a NACHT domain, a NACHT-associated domain (NAD), and a C-terminal leucine-rich repeat (LRR) region.

The long NALP, NALP1 (MIM 606636), also has a C-terminal extension containing a function to find domain (FIIND) and a caspase recruitment domain (CARD). NALPs are implicated in the activation of proinflammatory caspases (e.g., CASP1; MIM 147678) via their involvement in multiprotein complexes called inflammasomes (Tschopp et al., 2003).^[7]

References

1. ^ ^{a b c} GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000160505 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. ^ ^{a b c} GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000034690 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. ^ Tschopp J, Martinon F, Burns K (Feb 2003). "NALPs: a novel protein family involved in inflammation". Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 4 (2): 95–104. doi:10.1038/nrm1019. PMID 12563287. S2CID 31417018.
6. ^ Wang L, Manji GA, Grenier JM, Al-Garawi A, Merriam S, Lora JM, Geddes BJ, Briskin M, DiStefano PS, Bertin J (Aug 2002). "PYPAF7, a novel PYRIN-containing Apaf1-like protein that regulates activation of NF-kappa B and caspase-1-dependent cytokine processing". J Biol Chem. 277 (33): 29874–80. doi:10.1074/jbc.M203915200. PMID 12019269.
7. ^ ^{a b} "Entrez Gene: NLRP4 NLR family, pyrin domain containing 4".

Further reading

• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Damiano JS, Oliveira V, Welsh K, Reed JC (2004). "Heterotypic interactions among NACHT domains: implications for regulation of innate immune responses". Biochem. J. 381 (Pt 1): 213–9. doi:10.1042/BJ20031506. PMC 1133779. PMID 15107016.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Grenier JM, Wang L, Manji GA, et al. (2002). "Functional screening of five PYPAF family members identifies PYPAF5 as a novel regulator of NF-kappaB and caspase-1". FEBS Lett. 530 (1–3): 73–8. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03416-6. PMID 12387869. S2CID 25023390.
• Fiorentino L, Stehlik C, Oliveira V, et al. (2002). "A novel PAAD-containing protein that modulates NF-kappa B induction by cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (38): 35333–40. doi:10.1074/jbc.M200446200. PMID 12093792.

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