List of shell ring sites

This List of shell ring sites includes archaeological sites with confirmed and possible shell rings. Shell rings have been reported from Colombia, Peru, Japan, and the southeastern United States. Some sites have two or more shell rings, including some with two more or less equal rings joined together, or a main ring with smaller rings attached to it. About half of the sites with shell rings in the United States are in the Sea Islands of South Carolina, Georgia, and northeastern Florida.

Colombia

• Puerto Hormiga - Late Archaic shell ring.

Japan

• Arayashiki Shell Mound - Jōmon period circular shell mound.
• Futatsumori Shell Mound - Late Early to Middle Jōmon period horseshoe-shaped shell mound.
• Horinouchi Shell Mound site - Late to Latest Jōmon period horseshoe-shaped shell mound.
• Kasori Shell Mound - Two Middle to Late Jōmon period circular shell mounds.
• Kidosaku shellmound site - Middle to Late Jōmon period circular shell mound.
• Kotehashi Shell Mound - Late to Latest Jōmon period horseshoe-shaped shell mound.
• Kowashimizu - Jōmon period circular shell mound.
• Nagane Shell Mound - horseshoe-shaped shell mound.
• Soya Shell Mound - Jōmon period horseshoe-shaped shell mound.
• Ubayama Shell Mound - Middle to Late Jōmon period horseshoe-shaped shell mound.

United States

South Carolina Sea Islands

• Auld Mound, or Yough Hall Plantation Shell Ring (38CH41) - Late Archaic shell ring, listed in National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).
• Barrows (38BU300) - Late Archaic shell ring.
• Bull Island (38BU475) - Shell ring of undetermined date.
• Buzzard's Island Site (38CH23) - Late Archaic shell ring, listed in NRHP.
• Chester Field (38BU29) - Late Archaic shell ring, listed in NRHP.
• Coosaw Island (38BU1866) - Four shell rings, two conjoined, at least three are Late Archaic.
• Crow Island (38CH60) - C-shaped mound, possible shell ring.
• Fig Island Site (38CH42) - Three Late Archaic shell rings, one with several attached rings, listed in NRHP, National Historic Landmark (NHL).
• Guerard Point (38BU21) Reported as a ring in 1897, now completely leveled.
• Hanckel Mound, or Leadenwah Creek Mount (38CH7) - Late Archaic shell ring, listed in NRHP.
• Horse Island (38CH14) - Late Archaic shell ring, listed in NRHP.
• Lighthouse Point Shell Ring, or Parrot's Point Shell Ring (38CH12) - Late Archaic shell ring, listed in NRHP.
• Patent (38BU301) - Late Archaic shell ring.
• Sea Pines (38BU7) - Late Archaic shell ring, listed in NRHP.
• Sewee Mound (38CH45) - Late Archaic shell ring, listed in NRHP.
• Skull Creek (38BU8) - Two conjoined Late Archaic shell rings, listed in NRHP.
• Stratton Place (38CH24) - Late Archaic shell ring.

Georgia Sea Islands

• Barbour Island (9MC320) - Late Archaic possible shell ring.
• Bony Hammock (9GN53) - Late Archaic possible shell ring.
• Busch Krick (9MC87)- Late Archaic shell ring, damaged.
• Cane Patch (9CH35) - Late Archaic possible shell ring, has been mined.
• Cannon's Point (9GN57) Late Archaic shell ring.
• Long Field Crescent/St. Catherines Island Shell Ring (9LI231) - Late Archaic shell ring, listed in NRHP.
• McQueen Shell Ring - Late Archaic shell ring.
• Odingsell (9CH111) - Late Archaic possible shell ring.
• Oemler (9CH14) - Late Archaic possible shell ring.
• Osabaw 77 (9CH203) - Late Archaic possible shell ring.
• Sapelo Island (9MC23) - Three Late Archaic shell rings, Sapelo 1 largely intact, Sapelo 2 heavily damaged, Sapelo 3 may represent either early stages in construction of a ring or a very heavily damaged ring.
• Skidaway Island
  • Large and Small Skidaway 9 (9CH63) Two shell rings, possibly pre-ceramic.
  • Skidaway 21 (9CH75) - Possible shell ring.
  • Skidaway (9CH77) - Late Archaic shell ring, highly modified.
• West (9GN76) - Late Archaic shell ring.

Florida

Sea Islands

• Grand Shell Ring (8DU1) - Early St. Johns II culture (900-1250) shell ring associated with a sand mound, listed in NRHP.
• Oxeye (8DU7478) - Late Archaic shell ring.
• Rollins (8DU7510) - Late Archaic large shell ring with many smaller rings attached.

East Coast and St. Johns River valley

• Guana (8SJ2554) - Late Archaic shell ring.
• Joseph Reed (8MT13) - Late Archaic shell ring.
• Silver Glen Run (8LA1) - Archaic U-shaped shell ring.

Southwest

• Bonita Bay (8LL716, 8LL717) - Shell ring with associated mound of uncertain date.
• Chokoloskee - Possible shell ring with associated shell works, destroyed by development.
• Dismal Key - Two Glades culture shell rings with associated shell works.
• Dismal Key Southeast Ring - Shell ring.
• Everglades City No. 7 - Two late Archaic/Glades culture shell rings.
• Everglades City No. 9 - Two late Archaic shell rings.
• Everglades City No. 10 - Two late Archaic shell rings.
• Everglades City South Ring - Glades culture shell ring.
• Fakahatchee Key - Two Glades culture shell rings with associated shell works.
• Fakahatchee Key 3 - Shell ring.
• Hill Cottage (8SO2) - Late Archaic shell ring.
• Horr's Island archaeological site (8CR206, 8CR207, 8CR208, 8CR209, 8CR211) - Late Archaic shell ring with associated mounds.
• Key Marco - Possible Glades culture shell ring with associated shell works, destroyed by development.
• Russell Key - Glades culture shell ring with associated shell works.
• Sandfly Key - Two late Archaic/Glades culture shell rings with associated shell works.
• Santina Horseshoe - Possible shell ring.
• West Pass - Possible shell ring (crescent shaped midden) with associated shell works.

Big Bend Coast

• Deer Island (8LV75) - Deptford culture.
• Komar Island (8LV290) - U-shaped ring.
• Richards Island (8LV137) - U-shaped ring, possible Deptford, SwiftCreek or Weeden Island connections.
• Raleigh Island - Multiple small rings, dated 900–1200.

Panhandle

• Bernath - Santa Rosa-Swift Creek culture shell ring.
• Buck Bayou (8WL90) - Late Archaic, possible shell ring, possible connections to Poverty Point.
• Fourmile Point - Santa Rosa-Swift Creek culture shell ring.
• Gulf Breeze - Santa Rosa-Swift Creek culture shell ring.
• Hammock Point - Santa Rosa-Swift Creek culture shell ring.
• Horseshoe Bayou - Santa Rosa-Swift Creek culture shell ring.
• Meig's Pasture (8OK102) Late Archaic ring, but little shell.
• Strange Bayou - Santa Rosa-Swift Creek culture shell ring.
• Third Gulf Breeze - Santa Rosa-Swift Creek culture shell ring.
• Strange's Ring Midden (8BY1355) - late Weeden Island period midden ring.

Alabama

• Indian Mound Park (Dauphin Island, Alabama) Mississippian period (1100 -1550) possible shell ring.

Mississippi

• Cedarland (22HC30) - Late Archaic shell ring with a number of differences compared to Atlantic coast rings.
• Claiborne (22HC35) - Late Archaic shell ring with a number of differences compared to Atlantic coast rings.
• Kinlock (22SU526) - Fresh water mussel shell C-shaped ring.

Citations

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48. ^ Russo, Michael, Gregory Heide, and Vicki Rolland. "The Guana Shell Ring" (PDF). National Park Service. Retrieved 7 December 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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49. ^ Russo, Michael and Gregory Heide (June 2002). "The Joseph Reed Shell Ring" (PDF). The Florida Anthropologist. 55 (2). Retrieved 7 December 2011.
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63. ^ Widmer, Randolph J (1988). The Evolution of the Calusa: a Nonagricultuiral Chiefdom of the Southwest Florida Coast. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: The University of Alabama Press. p. 93. ISBN 0-8173-0358-8.
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References

• Bense, Judith A. (1998). "Santa Rosa-Swift Creek in Northwest Florida". In Mark Williams and Daniel T. Elliott (ed.). A world engraved: archaeology of the Swift Creek culture. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: The University of Alabama Press. pp. 247–273. ISBN 0-8173-0912-8.
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v t e Indigenous peoples of Pre-Columbian Florida
Periods Paleoindians Archaic period Post-Archaic period
Archaeological cultures	Alachua Belle Glade Cades Pond Caloosahatchee Clovis Deptford Fort Walton Glades Leon-Jefferson Manasota Mount Taylor Norwood Orange period Paleo-Indians Pensacola Safety Harbor Santa Rosa-Swift Creek St. Johns Suwannee Valley Swift Creek Weeden Island McKeithen North peninsular Gulf coast
Archaeological sites	Aqui Esta Burial Mound Bay Pines Bear Lake Mounds Big Heart West Big Mound City Big Mound Key-Boggess Ridge Bird Hammock Blueberry Bowers Bluff Middens Bubba Midden Burns Lake Butcherpen Mound Cayo Pelau Cayson Mound and Village C. J. Ostl Crystal River Cutler Demere Key Devil's Den Cave Dismal Key Douglass Beach Fort Center Fort Walton Mound Galt Island Garden Patch Green Mound Halfway Creek Helen Blazes Hickory Ridge Cemetery Hinson Mounds Horr's Island Indian Fields J&J Hunt Josslyn Island Jungle Prada Key Marco Kimball Island Midden Lake Jackson Mounds Lake Pithlachocco Letchworth-Love Mounds Little Salt Spring Madira Bickel Mound Manasota Key Offshore Mark Pardo Shellworks Miami Circle Mill Cove Monroe Lake Mound Key Mount Elizabeth Mount Royal Mount Taylor Mullet Key Myakkahatchee Creek Naval Live Oaks Cemetery Nocoroco Ormond Mound Ortona Prehistoric Village Otis Hare Page-Ladson Persimmon Mound Pierce Pineland Platt Island Plaza Pompano Beach Mound Portavant Mound Porter's Bar Princess Mound River Styx Roberts Island Rock Mound Rookery Mound Ross Hammock Safety Harbor Shark River Slough Shell Bluff Landing Spruce Creek Third Gulf Breeze Thomas Creek Turner River Turtle Mound Twin Mounds Upper Tampa Bay Useppa Island Velda Mound Waddells Mill Pond Wakulla Springs Warm Mineral Springs Windover Yent Mound Yon Mound and Village
Human remains	Manasota Key Offshore Melbourne Man Vero man Warm Mineral Springs Windover
Miscellaneous	Beaver Lake point Indigenous peoples of the Everglades region Protection of Native American sites in Florida Shell ring List of shell ring sites#Florida Shell works Simpson point Suwannee point
Related Pre-Columbian era

v t e Pre-Columbian North America
Periods Lithic Archaic Formative Classic Post-Classic
Archaeological cultures	Adena Alachua Ancient Beringian Ancestral Pueblo (Anasazi) Avonlea Baytown Belle Glade Buttermilk Creek complex Caborn-Welborn Cades Pond Calf Creek Caloosahatchee Clovis Coles Creek Comondú Deptford Folsom Fort Ancient Fort Walton Fremont Glacial Kame Glades Hohokam Hopewell List of Hopewell sites La Jolla Las Palmas Maritime Archaic Mississippian List of Mississippian sites Mogollon Monongahela Old Cordilleran Oneota Paleo-Arctic Paleo-Indians Patayan Plano Plaquemine Poverty Point Red Ocher Safety Harbor Santa Rosa-Swift Creek St. Johns Steed-Kisker Suwannee Valley Tchefuncte Troyville Weeden Island
Archaeological sites	Angel Mounds Anzick site Bandelier National Monument Bastian Benson Blue Spring Shelter Bluefish Caves The Bluff Point Stoneworks Brewster Cahokia Candelaria Cave Casa Grande Chaco Canyon Coso Rock Art District Crystal River Cuarenta Casas Cueva de la Olla Cutler Eaker El Fin del Mundo El Vallecito Effigy Mounds Etowah Indian Mounds Eva Folsom Fort Ancient Fort Center Fort Juelson Four Mounds Gila Cliff Dwellings Glenwood Grimes Point Helen Blazes Holly Bluff Hopewell Culture National Historical Park Horr's Island Huápoca Key Marco Kimball Village Kincaid Mounds Kolomoki Mounds Lake Jackson Mounds Lehner Mammoth-Kill Site L'Anse aux Meadows Lynch Quarry Site Marksville Marmes Rockshelter Meadowcroft Rockshelter Mesa Verde Moaning Cavern Moorehead Circle Morrison Mounds Moundville Mummy Cave Nodena site Ocmulgee Mounds Old Stone Fort Orwell site Paquime Painted Bluff Parkin Park Pinson Mounds Plum Bayou Mounds Portsmouth Earthworks Poverty Point Pueblo Bonito Recapture Canyon River Styx Roberts Island Rock Eagle Rock Hawk Rosenstock Village Russell Cave Salmon Ruins Serpent Mound Sierra de San Francisco Shell ring sites Spiro Mounds Stallings Island SunWatch Taos Pueblo Town Creek Indian Mound Turkey River Mounds Upward Sun River Velda Mound West Oak Forest Earthlodge Wickiup Hill Windover Winterville Wupatki
Human remains	Anzick-1 Arlington Springs Man Buhl Woman Kennewick Man La Brea Woman Leanderthal Lady Melbourne Man Minnesota Woman Peñon woman Spirit Cave mummy Vero man
Miscellaneous	Aridoamerica Black drink Ceremonial pipe Chanunpa Chunkey Clovis point Container Revolution Eastern Agricultural Complex Eden point Effigy mound Falcon dancer Folsom point Green Corn Ceremony Horned Serpent Kiva Medicine wheel Metallurgy Mi'kmaq hieroglyphic writing Mound Builders N.A.G.P.R.A. Norse colonization of North America Oasisamerica Piasa Projectile point Southeastern Ceremonial Complex Stickball Three Sisters agriculture Thunderbird Transoceanic contact Underwater panther Water glyphs
Related Genetic history Pre-Columbian era