Komzet

Today we want to address a topic that has gained great relevance in recent years. Komzet is a topic that has generated debate and controversy in different areas, from politics to science. In order to fully explore this issue, we will delve into its origins, its impact on today's society and the possible solutions that are being proposed. Komzet is a topic that concerns us all, since its influence reaches different aspects of our daily lives. Through this article, we intend to analyze and reflect on Komzet to have a clearer and more informed vision of this topic that is so relevant today.

Threshing in the fields in a Jewish kolkhoz, c. 1930

Komzet (Russian: Комитет по земельному устройству еврейских трудящихся, КОМЗЕТ) was the Committee for the Settlement of Toiling Jews on the Land (some English sources use the word "working" instead of "toiling") in the Soviet Union. The primary goal of the Komzet was to provide work for the unemployed agricultural Jewish population of the country. [1]

Function

The Komzet was a government committee whose function was to contribute and distribute the land for new kolkhozes. A complementary public society, the OZET was established in order to assist in moving settlers to a new location, housebuilding, irrigation, training, providing them with cattle and agricultural tools, education, medical and cultural services. The funds were to be provided by private donations, charities and lotteries.

History

In 1924–1926, the Komzet helped to create several Jewish kolkhozes in various regions, most notably in Crimea, Ukraine and Stavropol region.

In 1927, following a failed attempt to establish Jewish autonomy in Crimea, the Birsko-Bidzhansky region in the Russian Far East was identified as a territory suitable for compact living of the Soviet Jews. The region was chosen for settlement due to tensions on the sparsely-populated China-Russia border. The region would become the Jewish Autonomous Oblast. It did not attract the expected mass Jewish resettlement.

the first chairman of the Komzet was Pyotr Smidovich (1924–1935) who was succeeded by Sergey Chutskaev (1935–1938).

Komzet was abolished in 1938, after end of the Soviet policy of korenizatsiia.[2]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Komzet | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2025-01-15.
  2. ^ Terry Martin, The Affirmative Action Empire: Nations and Nationalism in the Soviet Union, 1923–1939 (Cornell University Press, 2001: ISBN 0-8014-8677-7), pp. 411–12.

Further reading

  • Robert Weinberg. Stalin's Forgotten Zion. Birobidzhan and the Making of a Soviet Jewish Homeland: An Illustrated History, 1928–1996 (University of California Press, 1998)) ISBN 0-520-20990-7
  • Jonathan L. Dekel-Chen. Farming the Red Land: Jewish Agricultural Colonization and Local Soviet Power, 1924–1941 (Yale University Press, 2005) ISBN 0-300-10331-X