Junta of National Reconstruction

In this article, we are going to delve into the fascinating world of Junta of National Reconstruction. From its origins to its relevance today, Junta of National Reconstruction has captured the attention of millions of people around the world. We’ll explore its highlights, its controversial repercussions, and how it has evolved over time. Junta of National Reconstruction is a broad and diverse topic, so we will examine different perspectives and key aspects to offer a complete and enriching vision. From its impact on society to its influence in different areas, Junta of National Reconstruction has undoubtedly left an indelible mark on history, and this article seeks to unravel all its mysteries and allow us to better understand its importance.

1979–1985 government of Nicaragua

Republic of NicaraguaRepública de Nicaragua
1979–1985
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: Salve a ti, Nicaragua (Spanish) «Hail to Thee, Nicaragua»
Capital	Managua
Common languages	Spanish
Government	Unitary socialist provisional government under a military junta
Coordinator of the Junta
• 1979-1985	Daniel Ortega
President of the Council of State of Nicaragua
• 1980–1981	Bayardo Arce Castaño
• 1981–1984	Carlos Núñez Tellez
Legislature	Interim Council of State (1980–1984)
Historical era	Cold War
• Established[broken anchor]	July 18, 1979
• General election	November 4, 1984
• Disestablished	January 10 1985
Currency	Nicaraguan córdoba
ISO 3166 code	NI
Preceded by Succeeded by Somoza family Nicaragua

The Junta of National Reconstruction (Spanish: Junta de Gobierno de Reconstrucción Nacional) was the provisional government of Nicaragua from the fall of the Somoza family dictatorship in July 1979[1] until January 1985, with the election of Daniel Ortega (FSLN) as president of Nicaragua.[2][3]

Overview

The Sandinista rebels announced the Junta as its provisional government on June 16, 1979,[4] as the civil war against Anastasio Somoza Debayle entered its final phase. It was composed of five members: a member of the FSLN directorate, Daniel Ortega, two left-wing activists, Sergio Ramírez and Moisés Hassan Morales, and two right-wing representatives, Alfonso Robelo and Violeta Barrios de Chamorro.[5][6]

In the first half of July, United States government envoy William Bowdler pressured the Sandinistas to broaden the junta by adding more members, such as Adolfo Calero, Ismael Reyes, and Mariano Fiallos.[7]

After the fall of Somoza, it quickly became apparent to Robelo and Chamorro that they did not have any real power and Chamorro resigned on April 19, 1980,[8] followed by Robelo three days later.[9] On May 18, they were replaced by Arturo Cruz and Rafael Córdova Rivas. Cruz would resign in March 1981, though he agreed for a time to be ambassador to the United States.[10]

On March 4, Cruz’s appointment to Washington was announced,[11] together with Hassan’s departure for the Council of State[12] and Ortega’s promotion to Coordinator of the now three-member junta. While the junta may have offered little authority to its non-Sandinista members, the public role did help to solidify Ortega’s primacy within the FSLN directorate and enhance Ramírez’s prominence.

On November 4, 1984, a presidential election was held,[13] which was won by leading junta member and revolutionary Daniel Ortega and his running mate, Sergio Ramírez as vice president.[3] However, some opposition parties boycotted it, claiming unfair conditions.[14][15] While the Reagan administration and many mainstream United States media outlets alleged the election would be neither free nor fair,[16] numerous electoral watchers affiliated with Western European governments, as well as United States non-governmental organizations, declared the results legitimate.[17][18] Ortega took office on January 10, 1985, and the junta was dissolved.

See also

• Sandinista National Liberation Front
• Fidel Castro
• Revolutionary Government Junta of El Salvador

References

1. ^ Pollak, Andrew; Managua (18 July 1979). «Nicaraguans Jubilant After Somoza Resignation». The Guardian. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
2. ^ Kinzer, Stephen (10 January 1985). «Nicaragua Installs Elected Assembly». The New York Times. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
3. ^ a b Long, William (11 January 1985). «Castro the Star as Nicaragua Swears In Ortega». LA Times. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
4. ^ Riding, Alan (18 June 1979). «Rebels in Nicaragua Name Five to Form Provisional Junta». The New York Times. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
5. ^ DeYoung, Karen (21 July 1979). «Nicaraguan Junta Assumes Rule in Jubilant Managua». The Washington Post. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
6. ^ «Sketches of the Nicaraguan Junta’s Five Members». The New York Times. 18 July 1979. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
7. ^ Riding, Alan (6 July 1979). «U.S. Presses Effort to Broaden Makeup of Nicaraguan Junta». The New York Times. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
8. ^ «Violeta Chamorro dimite como miembro de la Junta nicaragüense». El Pais. 20 April 1980. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
9. ^ «Dimite el último miembro no marxista de la Junta nicaragüense». El Pais. 23 April 1980. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
10. ^ Greenhouse, Linda (11 March 1987). «Cruz Resignation: Effect is Disputed». The New York Times. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
11. ^ Nicaraguan Biographies: A Resource Book. U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Public Affairs. 1988. p. 82. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
12. ^ Nicaraguan Biographies: A Resource Book (Revised ed.). U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Public Affairs. 1988. p. 28. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
13. ^ Kinzer, Stephen (5 November 1984). «Sandanistas Hold Their First Elections». The New York Times. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
14. ^ «The opposition calls a boycott». Macleans. 6 August 1984. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
15. ^ Kinzer, Stephen (18 January 1984). «Election Plan In Nicaragua is Criticized By Opposition». The New York Times. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
16. ^ Taubman, Philip (5 November 1984). «The Nicaraguan Vote». The New York Times. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
17. ^ «On this day: 1984: Sandinistas claim election victory». BBC News. November 5, 1984. Retrieved 2007-12-21.
18. ^ «The Electoral Process In Nicaragua: Domestic and International Influences» (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-12-08. Retrieved 2015-12-01.

External links