Jinan dialect

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Jinan dialect
濟南話
Native to	Urban Jinan in the People's Republic of China
Region	Northeastern China
Language family	Sino-Tibetan Sinitic Chinese Mandarin Jilu Mandarin Jinan dialect
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	jina1245

The Jinan dialect (simplified Chinese: 济南话; traditional Chinese: 濟南話; pinyin: Jǐnánhuà) is a Mandarin Chinese dialect spoken in Jinan in Shandong province, China. It is a variety of Jilu Mandarin.

Phonetics and phonology

Consonants

Consonants of the Jinan dialect

		Labial	Alveolar	Alveolo-palatal	Retroflex	Velar
Nasal		m	n	ɲ		ŋ
Plosive	voiceless unaspirated	p	t			k
	voiceless aspirated	pʰ	tʰ			kʰ
Affricate	voiceless unaspirated		ts	tɕ	tʂ
	voiceless aspirated		tsʰ	tɕʰ	tʂʰ
Fricative	voiced				ʐ
	voiceless	f	s	ɕ	ʂ	x
Approximant			l

Tones

Tone chart of the Jinan dialect

Tone number	Tone name	Tone contour	Description
1	yin ping (陰平)	˨˩˧ (213)	dipping
2	yang ping (陽平)	˥ (5)	high
3	shang sheng (上聲)	˨˦ (24)	rising
4	qu sheng (去聲)	˨˩ (21)	low

See also

• Varieties of Chinese

References

• Běijīng dàxué Zhōngguó yǔyán wénxuéxì yǔyánxué jiàoyánshì. (1989). Hànyǔ fāngyīn zìhuì. Běijīng: Wénzì gǎigé chūbǎnshè. (北京大學中國語言文學系語言學教研室. 1989. 漢語方音字匯. 北京: 文字改革出版社)
• Norman, Jerry. (2002). Chinese. Cambridge: CUP ISBN 0-521-29653-6
• Yuán, Jiāhuá. (1989). Hànyǔ fāngyán gàiyào (An introduction to Chinese dialects). Beijing: Wénzì gǎigé chūbǎnshè. (袁家驊. 1989. 漢語方言概要. 北京:文字改革出版社.)

External links

• Cantonese and other dialects (in Chinese)
• Classification of Jilu Dialects from Glossika

v t e Sino-Tibetan branches
Western Himalayas (Himachal, Uttarakhand, Nepal, Sikkim)	West Himalayish Tamangic Newaric Newar Baram–Thangmi Kiranti Dhimalish Dhimal Toto Lhokpu Lepcha Greater Magaric Magaric Magar Kham Chepangic Chepang Bhujel Raji–Raute Dura–Tandrange
Eastern Himalayas (Tibet, Bhutan, Arunachal)	Bodish Tibetic East Bodish Tshangla Basum Nam? Gongduk ʼOle Tani Chamdo
Myanmar and Indo-Burmese border	Karbi Kuki-Chin Mruic Mru Hkongso Pyu Taman "Naga" Ao Angami–Pochuri Meitei Tangkhulic Zeme Sal Boro–Garo Konyak Jingpho–Luish
East and Southeast Asia	Sinitic Bai Tujia Nungish Karenic Gong Kathu Cai–Long Caijia Longjia Luren Burmo-Qiangic Qiangic Gyalrongic Ersuic Naic Lolo-Burmese Mondzish Burmish Loloish
Dubious (possible isolates) (Arunachal)	Hrusish Hruso Mijiic Kho-Bwa Puroik Miju–Meyor Songlin Greater Siangic Siangic Koro Milang Idu–Taraon
Proposed groupings	Central Tibeto-Burman Kuki-Chin–Naga Macro-Bai Mahakiranti Rung Tibeto-Burman Tibeto-Kanauri
Proto-languages	Proto-Sino-Tibetan Proto-Tibeto-Burman Proto-Loloish Proto-Karenic Proto-Min Proto-Hakka
Italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches.

v t e Chinese language
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