Gyraulus
On this occasion, we want to address the topic of Gyraulus, which is undoubtedly a topic of great relevance today. Gyraulus is a topic that has sparked interest and debate in numerous areas, from the academic, scientific, political and social spheres. Throughout history, Gyraulus has played a fundamental role in the future of humanity, directly and indirectly affecting society as a whole. In this article, we will explore different perspectives and approaches on Gyraulus, analyzing its impact, evolution and relevance in different contexts. Without a doubt, Gyraulus is an exciting and complex topic that deserves to be approached from various points of view to understand its importance and impact in today's world.
| Gyraulus Temporal range: Early Cretaceous - Recent,
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_Figure_1_(cropped).jpg)
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| Views of a Gyraulus takhteevi shell | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Superorder: | Hygrophila |
| Family: | Planorbidae |
| Subfamily: | Planorbinae |
| Tribe: | Planorbini |
| Genus: | Gyraulus Charpentier, 1837[1] |
| Type species | |
| Planorbis albus O. F. Müller, 1774 | |
| Synonyms | |
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List
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Gyraulus is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.[2]
The genus Gyraulus is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils attributed to Gyraulus sp. have been found in the lakebottom sediments of the Yixian Formation in China, dating to 125 million years ago.[3]
Description
Shells of the species within this genus are small, and are mostly almost planispiral in their coiling.
Distribution and habitat
The distribution of this genus is Holarctic. These snail snails live on water plants in freshwater.
Species
The following species are recognised in the genus Gyraulus:[4]
- Gyraulus acronicus (A. Férussac, 1807)
- †Gyraulus aegaeus Willmann, 1981
- †Gyraulus albertanus (Clessin, 1877)
- Gyraulus albidus Radoman, 1953
- Gyraulus albus (O. F. Müller, 1774)
- †Gyraulus alienus (Rolle, 1862)
- Gyraulus amplificatus (Mori, 1938)
- Gyraulus amuricus (Prozorova & Starobogatov, 1998)
- †Gyraulus andrussovi (A. A. Ali-Zade & Kabakova, 1969)
- †Gyraulus antunesi Callapez, 2003
- †Gyraulus applanatus (Thomä, 1845)
- Gyraulus argaeicus (Sturany, 1904)
- †Gyraulus arminiensis Jekelius, 1932
- Gyraulus associatus (Westerlund, 1883)
- Gyraulus atkinsoni (R. M. Johnston, 1879)
- †Gyraulus austroalpinus (Harzhauser & Neubauer, 2012)
- †Gyraulus bachmayeri Schlickum & Strauch, 1979
- Gyraulus bakeri Brandt, 1974
- †Gyraulus bakonicus (Halaváts, 1902)
- †Gyraulus balmensis Gründel, Pélissié & Guérin, 2000
- Gyraulus balteatus van Benthem Jutting, 1963
- Gyraulus bekaensis Glöer & Bößneck, 2007
- †Gyraulus bigueti (Fontannes, 1880)
- Gyraulus biwaensis (Preston, 1916)
- †Gyraulus blazkai (Klika, 1891)
- †Gyraulus bondartchuki (Prysjazhnjuk, 1974)
- Gyraulus borealis (Lovén, 1875)
- †Gyraulus bosqueti (Glibert & de Heinzelin de Braucourt, 1954)
- †Gyraulus brlici (Brusina, 1897)
- Gyraulus brongersmai van Benthem Jutting, 1963
- †Gyraulus brusinai (Lörenthey, 1894)
- †Gyraulus calamensis (Dareste de la Chavanne, 1910)
- Gyraulus centrifugops (Prozorova & Starobogatov, 1997)
- Gyraulus centrifugus (Westerlund, 1897)
- †Gyraulus ceratioides (Fontannes, 1884)
- †Gyraulus chaenostomus (Brusina, 1902)
- †Gyraulus chapmani McMichael, 1968
- Gyraulus chinensis (Dunker, 1848)
- Gyraulus circumstriatus (Tryon, 1866)
- Gyraulus clymene (Shuttleworth, 1852)
- Gyraulus cockburni (Godwin-Austen, 1883)
- †Gyraulus connivens (Eichwald, 1830)
- Gyraulus connollyi D. S. Brown & Van Eeden, 1969
- †Gyraulus constans (Brusina, 1884)
- Gyraulus convexiusculus (T. Hutton, 1849)
- Gyraulus cordatus (F. Sandberger, 1862)
- Gyraulus corinna (Gray, 1850)
- †Gyraulus costatus (Klein, 1846)
- Gyraulus costulatus (Krauss, 1848)
- †Gyraulus courpoilensis (Carez, 1881)
- Gyraulus crenophilus Hubendick & Radoman, 1959
- †Gyraulus crescens (Hilgendorf, 1867)
- †Gyraulus cryptornatus (Sauerzopf, 1953)
- †Gyraulus dalmaticus (Brusina, 1884)
- †Gyraulus dealbatus (A. Braun, 1851)
- Gyraulus deflectus (Say, 1824)
- †Gyraulus deflexus (F. Sandberger, 1858)
- Gyraulus demissus (Westerlund, 1883)
- †Gyraulus denudatus (Hilgendorf, 1867)
- †Gyraulus dimitrovici (Brusina, 1902)
- †Gyraulus distortus (Hyatt, 1880)
- †Gyraulus dongcunensis W. Yü, 1980
- †Gyraulus dongcunensis W. Yü, 1984
- †Gyraulus doricus (Bukowski, 1896)
- †Gyraulus doseni (Brusina, 1902)
- †Gyraulus douvillei (Saporta, 1889)
- Gyraulus edgbastonensis D. S. Brown, 2001
- †Gyraulus edlaueri (Sauerzopf, 1953)
- Gyraulus egirdirensis Glöer & Girod, 2013
- Gyraulus ehrenbergi (H. Beck, 1837)
- Gyraulus eichwaldi (Clessin & W. Dybowski, 1887)
- Gyraulus elenae Vinarski, Glöer & Palatov, 2013
- †Gyraulus elisus (Dall, 1915)
- Gyraulus essingtonensis (E. A. Smith, 1882)
- Gyraulus eugyne Meier-Brook, 1983
- Gyraulus euphraticus (Mousson, 1874)
- Gyraulus feuerborni B. Rensch, 1934
- †Gyraulus florissantensis (T. D. A. Cockerell, 1906)
- Gyraulus fontinalis Hubendick & Radoman, 1959
- †Gyraulus formosus (Brusina, 1902)
- †Gyraulus fragilis (Pavlović, 1903)
- Gyraulus frigidarius van Benthem Jutting, 1963
- †Gyraulus fuchsi (Lörenthey, 1902)
- †Gyraulus gaoyouensis W. Yü, 1977
- †Gyraulus geminus (Brusina, 1897)
- Gyraulus gilberti (Dunker, 1848)
- †Gyraulus gladilini (Pavlović, 1931)
- †Gyraulus globosus (Sauerzopf, 1953)
- †Gyraulus goetzendorfensis (Sauerzopf, 1953)
- †Gyraulus goussardianus (Noulet, 1854)
- †Gyraulus gracilis (Gozhik & Prysjazhnjuk, 1978)
- Gyraulus hebraicus (Bourguignat, 1852)
- †Gyraulus helicophantoides (Pavlović, 1927)
- Gyraulus hesperus (Iredale, 1943)
- †Gyraulus hians (Rolle, 1860)
- Gyraulus hiemantium (Westerlund, 1883)
- Gyraulus hindsianus (Dunker, 1848)
- †Gyraulus hoernesi (Rolle, 1860)
- †Gyraulus homalosomus (Brusina, 1902)
- Gyraulus homsensis (Dautzenberg, 1894)
- †Gyraulus horasanensis Schütt, 1991
- Gyraulus hornensis F. C. Baker, 1934
- Gyraulus hubendicki Brandt, 1974
- †Gyraulus huguenini (Fontannes, 1880)
- Gyraulus huronensis J. B. Burch & Y. Jung, 1990
- Gyraulus huwaizahensis Glôer & Naser, 2007
- †Gyraulus ignoratus Schlickum & Puisségur, 1977
- Gyraulus illibatus (Westerlund, 1883)
- Gyraulus infirmus (Mori, 1938)
- Gyraulus infraliratus (Westerlund, 1877)
- †Gyraulus inopinatus (S. Meunier, 1880)
- †Gyraulus inornatus (Brusina, 1902)
- Gyraulus ioanis Glöer & Pešić, 2007
- Gyraulus isingi (Cotton & Godfrey, 1932)
- Gyraulus iwaotakii (Mori, 1938)
- Gyraulus janinensis (Mousson, 1859)
- †Gyraulus jugleri (Dunker, 1843)
- †Gyraulus jukici (Brusina, 1902)
- †Gyraulus jurkovici (Brusina, 1902)
- Gyraulus kahuica (Finlay & Laws, 1931)
- †Gyraulus katurici (Brusina, 1897)
- †Gyraulus keideli (Schlosser, 1906)
- †Gyraulus kleini Gottschick & Wenz, 1916
- Gyraulus kosiensis Glöer & Bössneck, 2013
- †Gyraulus kosovensis (Pavlović, 1903)
- †Gyraulus kraussii (Klein, 1846)
- †Gyraulus krohi Neubauer & Harzhauser, 2014
- Gyraulus kruglowiae (Johansen, 1937)
- Gyraulus ladacensis (G. Nevill, 1878)
- †Gyraulus laiwuensis Yen, 1969
- †Gyraulus lazici (Brusina, 1892)
- †Gyraulus lendli (Brusina, 1902)
- †Gyraulus liaoxiensis X.-H. Yu, 1987
- Gyraulus limbatus van Benthem Jutting, 1963
- †Gyraulus lineolatus (Brusina, 1878)
- †Gyraulus lorentheyi (Brusina, 1902)
- †Gyraulus loryi (Coquand, 1856)
- †Gyraulus ludovici (Noulet, 1854)
- Gyraulus luguhuensis F.-Y. Shu, Köhler, C.-C. Fu & H.-Z. Wang, 2013
- Gyraulus lychnidicus Hesse, 1928
- †Gyraulus macroconcha (Popova & Starobogatov, 1970)
- Gyraulus malayensis Meier-Brook, 1983
- †Gyraulus marinkovici (Brusina, 1892)
- Gyraulus marocanus Mabrouki, Glöer & Taybi, 2022
- †Gyraulus matheroni (P. Fischer & Tournouër, 1873)
- †Gyraulus matraensis Gál et al., 1999
- Gyraulus mauritianus (Morelet, 1876)
- Gyraulus meierbrooki Glöer & Pešić, 2007
- Gyraulus meridionalis (Brazier, 1875)
- Gyraulus messonghi Glöer & Zettler, 2021
- †Gyraulus micromphalus (T. Fuchs, 1870)
- Gyraulus mienanus D. S. Brown, 1998
- †Gyraulus militaris (C. A. White, 1880)
- Gyraulus minusculus (Moskvicheva, 1980)
- †Gyraulus mirabilis (Popova, 1981)
- Gyraulus montrouzieri (Gassies, 1863)
- †Gyraulus multicingulatus Wenz, 1919
- †Gyraulus nedici (Brusina, 1902)
- Gyraulus nedyalkovi Glöer & Georgiev, 2012
- †Gyraulus nematophorus (Brusina, 1902)
- †Gyraulus nisseanus (Pavlović, 1931)
- †Gyraulus novaki (Brusina, 1897)
- Gyraulus noziriensis (Mori, 1938)
- †Gyraulus nusici (Pavlović, 1903)
- †Gyraulus oecsensis Wenz, 1919
- †Gyraulus okrugljakensis Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014
- †Gyraulus oncostomus (Brusina, 1902)
- †Gyraulus orahovacensis (Pavlović, 1903)
- †Gyraulus oxystoma (Klein, 1846)
- †Gyraulus pachychilus (Brusina, 1902)
- †Gyraulus palaeoalbus S.-Y. Guo, 1982
- Gyraulus pamphylicus Glöer & Rähle, 2009
- †Gyraulus parvulus (Lörenthey, 1906)
- †Gyraulus parvulus (Meek & Hayden, 1856)
- Gyraulus parvus (Say, 1817)
- †Gyraulus pavlovici (Brusina, 1893)
- †Gyraulus peruzzii (De Stefani, 1880)
- †Gyraulus phacecercus (Brusina, 1902)
- Gyraulus piscinarum (Bourguignat, 1852)
- †Gyraulus placidus (Volkova, 1953)
- †Gyraulus planoconcavus H.-L. Gu, 1989
- †Gyraulus planorbiformis (Zieten, 1832)
- †Gyraulus platystomus Nützel & Bandel, 1993
- †Gyraulus pleiopleurus (G. D. Hanna, 1923)
- †Gyraulus pliosibericus Yen, 1969
- †Gyraulus polycymus (Fontannes, 1884)
- †Gyraulus ponticus (Lörenthey, 1893)
- †Gyraulus popovici (Pavlović, 1927)
- †Gyraulus porcellaneus (Lörenthey, 1902)
- †Gyraulus praeponticus (Gorjanović-Kramberger, 1890)
- †Gyraulus praesibericus Yen, 1969
- Gyraulus prasongi Brandt, 1974
- †Gyraulus primiformis (Sauerzopf, 1953)
- Gyraulus proclivis (E. von Martens, 1897)
- †Gyraulus protectus Jekelius, 1944
- †Gyraulus protocrescens Nützel & Bandel, 1993
- †Gyraulus pseudhomalosomus (Sauerzopf, 1953)
- †Gyraulus pseudotenuis (Hilgendorf, 1867)
- †Gyraulus ptychostomus (Brusina, 1902)
- †Gyraulus ptycophorus (Brusina, 1892)
- †Gyraulus pulici (Brusina, 1897)
- †Gyraulus quadrangulus (Neumayr, 1875)
- †Gyraulus rabensis (Blanckenhorn, 1897)
- †Gyraulus rasseri Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014
- †Gyraulus revertens (Hilgendorf, 1867)
- †Gyraulus rhytidophorus (Brusina, 1902)
- Gyraulus riparius (Westerlund, 1865)
- Gyraulus rossiteri (Crosse, 1871)
- Gyraulus rossmaessleri (Auerswald, 1852)
- †Gyraulus rotella (Rousseau, 1842)
- Gyraulus rotula (W. H. Benson, 1850)
- †Gyraulus rotundistomus (Sauerzopf, 1953)
- †Gyraulus rotundostomus Nützel & Bandel, 1993
- †Gyraulus rumanus Wenz, 1932
- †Gyraulus sabljari (Brusina, 1892)
- †Gyraulus sachsenhoferi Harzhauser & Neubauer, 2012
- †Gyraulus saltensis (Germain, 1922)
- †Gyraulus sauerzopfi Neubauer, Kroh, Harzhauser, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2015
- †Gyraulus scabiosus (G. D. Hanna, 1922)
- Gyraulus scottianus (R. M. Johnston, 1879)
- †Gyraulus sebetinus (de Lapparent, 1938)
- †Gyraulus seibersdorfensis (Sauerzopf, 1953)
- Gyraulus sentaniensis van Benthem Jutting, 1963
- Gyraulus shasi Glöer & Pešić, 2007
- Gyraulus siamensis (E. von Martens, 1867)
- †Gyraulus sibinjensis (Brusina, 1897)
- †Gyraulus sigillatus (Volkova, 1953)
- Gyraulus sivalensis (Clessin, 1884)
- †Gyraulus slavonicus (Brusina, 1897)
- †Gyraulus soceni Jekelius, 1944
- †Gyraulus solenoeides (Lörenthey, 1902)
- Gyraulus spirillus (A. Gould, 1859)
- †Gyraulus spratti (E. Forbes, 1845)
- †Gyraulus spretus (Noulet, 1868)
- Gyraulus stankovici Hadžišče, 1953
- †Gyraulus steinheimensis (Hilgendorf, 1867)
- †Gyraulus stenocyclotus (Fontannes, 1884)
- †Gyraulus stoppanii (Sacco, 1886)
- Gyraulus stromi (Westerlund, 1881)
- †Gyraulus subhemistoma (A. d'Orbigny, 1852)
- †Gyraulus subverticillus (Oppenheim, 1919)
- †Gyraulus sulfureus (Royo Gómez, 1922)
- Gyraulus sumatranus (E. von Martens, 1897)
- †Gyraulus supremus (Hilgendorf, 1867)
- †Gyraulus symmetricus (Sauerzopf, 1953)
- Gyraulus takhteevi Sitnikova & Peretolchina, 2018
- Gyraulus taseviensis Glöer & Girod, 2013
- †Gyraulus tenuistriatus (Gorjanović-Kramberger, 1899)
- Gyraulus terekholicus (Prozorova & Starobogatov, 1997)
- Gyraulus terraesacrae B. Rensch, 1934
- †Gyraulus tetracarinatus (Pavlović, 1903)
- Gyraulus tokyoensis (Mori, 1938)
- †Gyraulus transsylvanicus (Neumayr, 1875)
- Gyraulus trapezoides Poliński, 1929
- †Gyraulus tressinensis (Oppenheim, 1890)
- †Gyraulus triquetrus (Hilgendorf, 1867)
- †Gyraulus trochiformis (Stahl, 1824)
- †Gyraulus trolli (Sauerzopf, 1953)
- †Gyraulus turislavicus Jekelius, 1944
- Gyraulus umbiliciferus (Kozhov, 1936)
- Gyraulus vermicularis (A. Gould, 1847)
- †Gyraulus verticilloides (Pavlović, 1931)
- Gyraulus verticillus (Brusina, 1892)
- †Gyraulus veternus (Meek & Hayden, 1865)
- †Gyraulus virgatus (Ludwig, 1865)
- †Gyraulus vrapceanus Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014
- Gyraulus waterhousei (Clessin, 1884)
- Gyraulus xingtian H. Chen, Y.-M. He, H.-Q. Xiang & X.-P. Wu, 2025
- †Gyraulus xinlitunensis X.-H. Yu, 1987
- †Gyraulus yongkangensis W. Yü, 1980
- †Gyraulus yuanchuensis W. Yü, 1965
- †Gyraulus zemendorfensis (Sauerzopf, 1953)
- †Gyraulus zoebeleini Schlickum & Strauch, 1974
- †Gyraulus zoltani Perrilliat & Vega, 2008
References
- ^ Charpentier J. de (1837). "Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de la Suisse. Formant la seconde partie de la faune Helvétique". Neue Denkschriften der Allgemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften - Nouveaux Mémoires de la Société Helvétique des Sciences Naturelles 1(2): 1-28, Tab. I-II . Neuchatel. page 21.
- ^ Ivanov M., Hrdličková, S. & Gregorová, R. (2001) Encyklopedie zkamenělin. – Rebo Productions, Dobřejovice, 1. vydání, 312 pp., page 126. (in Czech)
- ^ Pan, H. and Zhu, X. (2007). "Early Cretaceous non-marine gastropods from the Xiazhuang Formation in North China." Cretaceous Research, 28(2): 215-224. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2006.12.001
- ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Out of scope". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2025-03-28.
External links
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