Chialoup

In today's world, Chialoup is a topic that has captured the attention of many people. From experts in the field to those who are interested in learning more about the topic, the importance of Chialoup cannot be understated. With the advancement of technology and social networks, Chialoup has taken on a relevant role in our society. In this article, we will thoroughly explore Chialoup and its impact on different aspects of daily life. From its origins to the implications it has in the contemporary world, Chialoup is a topic that deserves to be analyzed and discussed.

A chialoup in Cirebon, 1775.

A chialoup (or chaloup) was a type of sloop used in the East Indies, a combination of western (Dutch) and Nusantaran (Indonesian) technologies and techniques. Many of these "boat-ships" were produced by VOC shipwrights in Rembang and Juwana, where the majority of the workers were local Javanese. Chialoups were used by the Dutch East India Company and private merchant-sailors of western and Nusantaran origin.

Description

Javanese prahu with two rudders.

The chialoup sail plan mimics that used in sloops, with a combination of square-rigged and fore-and-aft sails. The boats are usually single-decked with one mast, sometimes with an added mizzen mast.[1]: 34  While most such chialoups use a European-style central rudder, some are equipped with two side (quarter) rudders, a characteristic of Nusantaran boats. The length is between 15 and 25 meters, with a cargo bay almost 6 meters long. Depending on the size of the boat, crews run 20 to 40 people, with a typical load capacity of 72 to 144 metric tons.[2] In the syahbandar's (harbourmaster) record of Malacca a chialoup is listed carrying up to 200 tons of cargo and a crew of 75 people.[3] Chialoups on average were armed with 4 cannons, 1 swivel gun, and 7 snaphaunces.[4]

In the era after 1820, chialoups gradually disappeared from the "List of Ships and Sea Vehicles from the East Indies", a periodical published by the colonial government of the Dutch East Indies, and the term chialoup appeared more rarely in newspapers, replaced with kotter, a Dutch word for a type of sloop.[5]: 37 [6]: 434, 444 [7]: 42 

See also

References

  1. ^ Knaap, Gerrit (1996). Shallow Waters, Rising Tide. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-67-18102-0.
  2. ^ Groenewegen, G. (1789). Verzameling van vier en tachtig stuks Hollandsche schepen : geteekend en in koper gebragt. Rotterdam: J. van den Brink.
  3. ^ Lee, Kam Hing (1986): 'The Shipping Lists of Dutch Melaka: A Source for the Study of Coastal Trade and Shipping in the Malay Peninsula During the 17th and 18th Centuries', in Mohd. Y. Hashim (ed.), Ships and Sunken Treasure (Kuala Lumpur: Persatuan Muzium Malaysia), p. 53-76.
  4. ^ Knaap, Gerrit (1999). "Shipping and Trade in Java, c. 1775: A Quantitative Analysis". Modern Asian Studies. 33 (2): 405–420. doi:10.1017/S0026749X99003078. S2CID 154992308.
  5. ^ Bruijn Kops, G.F. de (1854): 'Iets over de Zeevaart in den Indischen Archipel', Tijdschrift voor Nijverheid en Landbouw in Nederlandsch-Indië, 1, 21-69.
  6. ^ Bruyn Kops, G.F. de (1921): 'Vaartuigen', in D.G. Stibbe and C. Spat (eds.), Encyclopaedie van Nederlandsch-Indië (5; ‘sGravenhage: Nijhoff), 422-446
  7. ^ Liebner, Horst H. (2016). Beberapa Catatan Akan Sejarah Pembuatan Perahu Dan Pelayaran Nusantara. Jakarta: Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture.

Further reading