Chañaral

Chañaral is a topic that has been the subject of interest and debate for a long time. From its origins to the present day, it has played a crucial role in various aspects of society. Over the years, it has evolved and adapted to changes in the world around it. This article aims to explore in depth Chañaral and its impact in different areas. From its origins to its influence on today's world, its various aspects will be examined and the opinions of experts on the subject will be analyzed. Chañaral has been the subject of studies and research, and this article seeks to provide a comprehensive and updated view of it.

Chañaral
City and commune
Plaza Chañaral
Plaza Chañaral


Coat of arms of Chañaral
Coat of arms
Map of Chañaral commune in the Atacama Region
Chañaral is located in Chile
Chañaral
Chañaral
Location in Chile
Coordinates: 26°20′40″S 70°37′19″W / 26.34444°S 70.62194°W / -26.34444; -70.62194
Country Chile
Region Atacama
ProvinceChañaral Province
Government
[1]
 • TypeMunicipality
 • AlcaldeMargarita Flores (PR)
Area
[2]
 • Total
5,772.4 km2 (2,228.7 sq mi)
Elevation
198 m (650 ft)
Population
 (2002 Census)[2]
 • Total
13,143
 • Density2.3/km2 (5.9/sq mi)
 • Urban
13,180
 • Rural
363
Sex
[2]
 • Men6,968
 • Women6,575
Time zoneUTC−4 (CLT)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−3 (CLST)
Area code56 + 52
ClimateBWh
Websitewww.munichanaral.cl

Chañaral is a small coastal city and commune in the Atacama Region, Chile and capital of the Chañaral Province. The ocean is contaminated by the copper mining activity in the area.[3][4][5] Just north of the city lies Pan de Azúcar National Park.

History

In 1824, Diego de Almeyda discovered significant copper deposits near Chañaral, and copper mining began in the area. The town was founded in October 26, 1833 as Chañaral de las Ánimas ("Chañar field of the Souls").

Demographics

According to the 2002 census by the National Statistics Institute (INE) the commune of Chañaral spans an area of 5,772.4 km2 (2,229 sq mi) and had 13,543 inhabitants (6,968 men and 6,575 women). Of these, 13,180 (97.3%) lived in urban areas and 363 (2.7%) in rural areas. The population fell by 2.8% (393 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses.[2]

The demonym for a person from Chañaral is Chañaralino for a man and Chañaralina for a woman.

Administration

As a commune, Chañaral is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde (mayor) who is directly elected every four years. Since June 2021 the alcalde is Margarita Flores Salazar (PR).[1]

Faro del Milenio lighthouse in Chañaral

Climate

Climate data for Chañaral
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 22.9
(73.2) 		23.2
(73.8) 		22.5
(72.5) 		20.3
(68.5) 		18.4
(65.1) 		16.3
(61.3) 		16.3
(61.3) 		16.4
(61.5) 		16.7
(62.1) 		18.1
(64.6) 		19.5
(67.1) 		21.3
(70.3) 		19.3
(66.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 15.6
(60.1) 		16.2
(61.2) 		14.8
(58.6) 		12.9
(55.2) 		9.7
(49.5) 		8.8
(47.8) 		8.8
(47.8) 		9.4
(48.9) 		10.2
(50.4) 		11.4
(52.5) 		13.1
(55.6) 		15.1
(59.2) 		12.2
(53.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		1.1
(0.04) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.6
(0.02) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		1.7
(0.06)
Average relative humidity (%) 64 64 68 71 75 75 75 76 72 70 67 66 70
Source: Bioclimatografia de Chile[6]

References

  1. ^ a b "Municipality of Chañaral" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 September 2010.
  2. ^ a b c d "National Statistics Institute" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 8 September 2010.
  3. ^ J.C. Castilla (1983). "Environmental impact in sandy beaches of copper mine tailings at Chañaral, Chile". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 14 (12). Elsevier Ltd.: 459–464. doi:10.1016/0025-326X(83)90046-2.
  4. ^ J.A. Vasquez, B. Matsuhiro, M.A. Vega, L.M. Pardo, D. Veliz; Matsuhiro; Vega; Pardo; Veliz (2000). "The effects of mining pollution on subtidal habitats of northern Chile". International Journal of Environment and Pollution. 13 (1–6): 2–25. doi:10.1504/IJEP.2000.002330.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)[permanent dead link‍]
  5. ^ J.L. Stauber; S. Andrade; M. Ramirez; M. Adams; J.A. Correa (2005). "Copper bioavailability in a coastal environment of Northern Chile: Comparison of bioassay and analytical speciation approaches". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 50 (11). Elsevier Ltd.: 1363–1372. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.05.008. PMID 15993430.
  6. ^ Hajek, Ernst; Castri, Francesco (1975). "Bioclimatografia de Chile" (PDF) (in Spanish). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 November 2009. Retrieved 27 May 2024.