Carpo (moon)

In this article, we will explore the fascinating life of Carpo (moon) and how his impact has left an indelible mark on history. Carpo (moon) has been a figure of great importance in various fields, from politics to science, and his legacy remains relevant today. Over the next few lines, we will delve into the life and work of Carpo (moon), exploring his achievements, challenges, and contributions to the world. Through this analysis, we hope to shed light on the importance of Carpo (moon) and the lasting impact it has had on the world.

Carpo
Carpo imaged by the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope on 25 February 2003
Discovery[1][2]
Discovered byScott S. Sheppard
Discovery siteMauna Kea Obs.
Discovery date26 February 2003
Designations
Designation
Jupiter XLVI
Pronunciation/ˈkɑːrpoʊ/
Named after
Καρπώ Karpō
S/2003 J 20
AdjectivesCarpoan /kɑːrˈpoʊən/ or Carpoian /kɑːrˈpoʊ.iən/
Orbital characteristics[3]
Epoch 1 January 2000 (JD 2451545.0)
Observation arc15.25 yr (5,571 d)[4]
Earliest precovery date9 February 2003[4]
Satellite ofJupiter
GroupCarpo
Proper orbital elements
17,042,300 km (0.113921 AU) AU
0.416
54.0° (to ecliptic)
288.174132 deg / yr
1.24924 yr
(456.287 d)
Precession of perihelion
N/A arcsec / yr
Precession of the ascending node
11546.8914 arcsec / yr
Physical characteristics
≈3 km[5]
Albedo0.04 (assumed)[5]
23.0[5]
16.2[4]

Carpo /ˈkɑːrpoʊ/, also Jupiter XLVI, is a small outer natural satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2003, and was provisionally designated as S/2003 J 20[6][7] until it received its name in early 2005.[8] It was named in March 2005 after Carpo, one of the Horae, and a daughter of Zeus (Jupiter).[2]

Carpo has a diameter of about 3 km (1.9 mi) for an absolute magnitude of 16.2.[5][4] Like all irregular moons of Jupiter, Carpo's orbit is highly variable over time due to gravitational perturbations by the Sun and other planets.[9] On average, Carpo's orbit has a semi-major axis of 17.0 million km (10.6 million mi), a high eccentricity of 0.42, and a very high inclination of 54° with respect to the ecliptic.[5]

Carpo was long thought to be an outlier prograde satellite not part of any group, until S/2018 J 4 was found.[5] The orbital inclination of satellites such as Carpo is limited by the Kozai effect, which induces a periodic exchange between the inclination and eccentricity of the orbit. If the inclination is large enough, the eccentricity can in turn grow so large that the periapsis of the satellite (called the perijove in the case of moons of Jupiter) would be in the immediate vicinity of the Galilean moons (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto). The satellite would eventually collide with one of these, or a close encounter would eject it altogether from the Jovian system. Due to the Kozai effect, Carpo's argument of periapsis never precesses and instead librates about 90° with respect to the ecliptic, which keeps Carpo's perijove always above Jupiter and its apojove below (see orbit animation below).[9]

Animation of Carpo's orbit from 2000 to 2100
Polar view
Equatorial view
   Jupiter ·   Carpo ·   Callisto

References

  1. ^ "Planetary Satellite Discovery Circumstances". JPL Solar System Dynamics. NASA. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  2. ^ a b "Planet and Satellite Names and Discoverers". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. IAU Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  3. ^ "Planetary Satellite Mean Elements". JPL Solar System Dynamics. NASA. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  4. ^ a b c d "Natural Satellites Ephemeris Service". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 20 January 2023. Selection of Objects → "All Jovian outer irregular satellites" → Check "I require Orbital Elements" → Get Information
  5. ^ a b c d e f Sheppard, Scott S. "Moons of Jupiter". Earth & Planets Laboratory. Carnegie Institution for Science. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  6. ^ Daniel W. E. Green (30 April 2003). "IAUC 8125: S/2003 J 19 and S/2003 J 20". International Astronomical Union. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016.
  7. ^ MPEC 2003-G67: S/2003 J 20 2003 April (discovery and ephemeris)
  8. ^ Daniel W. E. Green (30 March 2005). "IAUC 8502: Satellites of Jupiter". International Astronomical Union.
  9. ^ a b Brozović, Marina; Jacobson, Robert A. (March 2017). "The Orbits of Jupiter's Irregular Satellites". The Astronomical Journal. 153 (4): 10. Bibcode:2017AJ....153..147B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa5e4d. S2CID 125571053. 147.