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Other names Pyr-Gln-Arg-Leu-Gly-Asn-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Leu-Met-NH2 | |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
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Chemical formula | C71H110N24O18S |
Molar mass | 1619.85 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references |
Bombesin is a 14-amino acid peptide originally isolated from the skin of the European fire-bellied toad (Bombina bombina) by Vittorio Erspamer et al. and named after its source. It has two known homologs in mammals called neuromedin B and gastrin-releasing peptide. It stimulates gastrin release from G cells. It activates three different G-protein-coupled receptors known as BBR1, -2, and -3. It also activates these receptors in the brain. Together with cholecystokinin, it is the second major source of negative feedback signals that stop eating behaviour.
Bombesin is also a tumor marker for small cell carcinoma of lung, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, and neuroblastoma.
The anuran BB4 receptor homologue is termed frog BB4 (fBB4). Iwabuchi et al. 2003 discovered a chicken (Gallus domesticus) receptor which is homologous to both the mammalian BB3 and fBB4 and so they named it chBRS-3.5.
Erspamer 1988 finds bombesin has a similar effect on the chicken to ranatensin, unreliably increasing or decreasing blood pressure.