Antiochus XIII Asiaticus

Regnal name
	Antiochus Philadelphus

Antiochus XIII Asiaticus
Antiochus XIII Asiaticus
	Tetradrachm of Antiochos XIII, with Zeus Nikephoros on the reverse, minted at Antioch.
King of Syria (Seleucid Empire)
Reign	82–64 BC
Predecessor	Philip I
Successor	Philip II
Co-ruler and regent	Cleopatra Selene (82–69 BC)
Born	Unknown
Died	64 BC
Regnal name
Regnal name
	Antiochus Philadelphus
Dynasty	Seleucid
Father	Antiochus X Eusebes
Mother	Cleopatra Selene of Syria

Antiochus XIII Philadelphus, (Greek: Ἀντίοχος ΙΓ' Φιλάδελφος) known as Asiaticus, (Ἀσιατικός) was the penultimate ruler of the Seleucid kingdom.

Biography

Antiochus took the throne after the death of his father, king Antiochus X Eusebes, sometime between 92 and 88 BC. The new king was underage, and his mother, the Ptolemaic princess Cleopatra Selene of Syria, acted as his regent.^[2] Some time after Tigranes had conquered Syria (83 or 74 BC), Antiochus and his brother traveled to Rome to have recognized as kings of Egypt, but to no avail. However, between 75 BC and 73 BC, they were recognized as "Kings of Syria", and "maintained a royal state".^[3] Selene was eventually captured and killed by Tigranes. However, after the latter's defeat by Lucius Licinius Lucullus at the Battle of Tigranocerta, the residents of Antioch hailed Antiochus XIII as king, and Lucullus approved his appointment as client ruler of Syria (69 BC).^[4]

In 64 BC, Pompey had Antiochus XIII deposed and killed by a Syrian chieftain, Sampsiceramus I.^[5] Antiochus' death is traditionally said to have ended the Seleucid dynasty, but he was survived by Philip II Philoromaeus for a short time and by Seleucus VII Philometor until 58 BC, if the latter is identified with same prince who briefly married Berenice IV of Egypt.

Notes

^ Oliver D. Hoover, Handbook of Syrian Coins: Royal and Civic Issues, Fourth to First Centuries BC , Lancaster/London, Classical Numismatic Group, 2009, p. 279.
^ Cicero, In C. Verrem II 4.61, Appian, Syriaca VIII 49, XI 70, Justin, Historiarum Philippicarum T. Pompeii Trogi XL 2.2 (says Antiochus IX was his father). See also: C.J. Bennett, art. Cleopatra Selene queen of Syria, in Egyptian Royal Genealogy, 2002-2008 (n. 28). Archived 9 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine
^ E.R. Bevan, The House of Seleucus, London, 1902, p. 263.
^ Appian, Syriaca VIII 49, Justin, Historiarum Philippicarum T. Pompeii Trogi XL 2.2.
^ Appian, Syriaca VIII 49, XI 70, Justin, Historiarum Philippicarum T. Pompeii Trogi XL 2.2, Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica XL 1a-b.

References

Peter Green, Alexander to Actium: The Historical Evolution of the Hellenistic Age (1990), pp. 552, 553, 658, 659
Edwyn R. Bevan, The House of Seleucus (1902), p. 263
Downey, Glanville (1951). "The Occupation of Syria by the Romans". Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association. 82. The Johns Hopkins University Press. ISSN 2325-9213. JSTOR 283427.
Mittag, Peter Franz (2009). "Zur Integration Antiocheias in den Römischen Herrschaftsverband". In Gehrke, Hans-Joachim; Mastrocinque, Attilio (eds.). Rom und der Osten im 1. Jahrhundert V. Chr., Akkulturation oder Kampf der Kulturen? (Akten des Humboldt-Kollegs, Verona, 19.-21. Februar 2004). Hiera, Collana di Studi Storico-Religiosi (in German). Vol. 13. Edizioni L. Giordano. ISBN 978-8-886-91931-9.

External links

Antiocus XIII Asiaticus entry in historical sourcebook by Mahlon H. Smith
Intaglio representing Antiochus XIII-Numéro d'inventaire: camée.156

Regnal titles
Antiochus XIII Asiaticus Seleucid dynasty Born: Unknown Died: 64 BC
Preceded by Tigranes, Cleopatra Selene of Syria, Seleucus VII Philometer	Seleucid King (King of Syria) 83 BC–64 BC with Cleopatra Selene of Syria (83 BC–69 BC)	Succeeded by Philip II Philoromaeus

[1] Oliver D. Hoover, Handbook of Syrian Coins: Royal and Civic Issues, Fourth to First Centuries BC , Lancaster/London, Classical Numismatic Group, 2009, p. 279.

[2] Cicero, In C. Verrem II 4.61, Appian, Syriaca VIII 49, XI 70, Justin, Historiarum Philippicarum T. Pompeii Trogi XL 2.2 (says Antiochus IX was his father). See also: C.J. Bennett, art. Cleopatra Selene queen of Syria, in Egyptian Royal Genealogy, 2002-2008 (n. 28). Archived 9 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine

[3] E.R. Bevan, The House of Seleucus, London, 1902, p. 263.

[4] Appian, Syriaca VIII 49, Justin, Historiarum Philippicarum T. Pompeii Trogi XL 2.2.

[5] Appian, Syriaca VIII 49, XI 70, Justin, Historiarum Philippicarum T. Pompeii Trogi XL 2.2, Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica XL 1a-b.

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v t e Hellenistic rulers
Argeads	Philip II Alexander III the Great Philip III Arrhidaeus Alexander IV
Antipatrids	Cassander Philip IV Alexander V Antipater II Antipater Etesias Sosthenes
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Ptolemies	Ptolemy I Soter Ptolemy Keraunos Ptolemy II Philadelphus Ptolemy III Euergetes Ptolemy IV Philopator Ptolemy V Epiphanes Cleopatra I Syra (regent) Ptolemy VI Philometor Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator Cleopatra II Philometor Soter Ptolemy VIII Physcon Cleopatra III Ptolemy IX Lathyros Ptolemy X Alexander Berenice III Ptolemy XI Alexander Ptolemy XII Auletes Cleopatra VI Tryphaena Berenice IV Epiphanea Ptolemy XIII Ptolemy XIV Cleopatra VII Philopator Ptolemy XV Caesarion
Monarchs of Cyrene	Magas Berenice II Demetrius the Fair Ptolemy VIII Physcon Ptolemy Apion Cleopatra Selene II
Seleucids	Seleucus I Nicator Antiochus I Soter Antiochus II Theos Seleucus II Callinicus Seleucus III Ceraunus Antiochus III the Great Seleucus IV Philopator Antiochus IV Epiphanes Antiochus V Eupator Demetrius I Soter Alexander I Balas Demetrius II Nicator Antiochus VI Dionysus Diodotus Tryphon Antiochus VII Sidetes Alexander II Zabinas Cleopatra Thea Seleucus V Philometor Antiochus VIII Grypus Antiochus IX Cyzicenus Seleucus VI Epiphanes Antiochus X Eusebes Antiochus XI Epiphanes Demetrius III Eucaerus Philip I Philadelphus Antiochus XII Dionysus Cleopatra Selene I Antiochus XIII Asiaticus Philip II Philoromaeus
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Hellenistic rulers were preceded by Hellenistic satraps in most of their territories.

Antiochus XIII Asiaticus

Biography

See also

Notes

References

External links